Decreased efficiency of pollen collection due to Sulfoxaflor exposure leads to a reduction in the size of bumble bee workers in late European summer

Bumble bees ( Bombus terrestris ) are important pollinators of wild and crop plants. Despite their importance in the process fruit seed production on sites, activity may be impaired due to exposure pesticides. This species has a yearly life cycle colony success rely effective foraging workers ruderal plants late summer when most crops no longer flowering. In current study, we investigated effect chronic Sulfoxaflor aspects behavior bumble whether influences body size B. landscape. We found that 2 weeks continuous influenced workers’ dynamics collection resources. However, there was evidence 5 ppb dose pesticide impacted ability handle flowers with different traits. Workers from colonies exposed were smaller. The worker explained as consequence reduced pollen income per unit foraging. Thus, if effects applied directly had same observed commercial after our exposure, it might negatively impact reduction workers.